Mu mpeshyi yo mu myaka ya za 1950, itsinda ry’abahanga mu bya siyansi bahimbye ijambo “Intelligence Artificial” mu giterane, ryerekana ivuka ry’umurima wavutse.
Mu myaka mike ishize, AI yahuye nibyiciro bitandukanye byiterambere.Yatangiranye na sisitemu ishingiye ku mategeko, aho sisitemu ya AI yashingiraga ku nyandiko zandikishijwe intoki na logique.Sisitemu yinzobere yambere yari isanzwe ihagarariye iki cyiciro.Sisitemu ya AI isaba amategeko nubumenyi byateganijwe kandi ntibishobora gukemura ibibazo bitunguranye.
Nyuma haje kwiga imashini, yateye intambwe igaragara yemerera imashini kwiga imiterere namategeko bivuye mumibare.Uburyo busanzwe burimo kwiga kugenzurwa, kwiga bidakurikiranwa, no kwiga gushimangira.Muri iki cyiciro, sisitemu ya AI irashobora gufata ibyemezo no gufata ibyemezo bishingiye kumibare, nko kumenyekanisha amashusho, kumenyekanisha imvugo, no gutunganya ururimi karemano.
Ibikurikira, kwiga byimbitse byagaragaye nkishami ryo kwiga imashini.Ikoresha imiyoboro myinshi itandukanye igereranya imiterere n'imikorere y'ubwonko bw'umuntu.Kwiga byimbitse byageze ku ntera nko kumenyekanisha amashusho no kuvuga, gutunganya ururimi karemano, nibindi. Sisitemu ya AI muriki cyiciro irashobora kwigira kumakuru manini kandi ikagira ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gutekereza no guhagararira.
Kugeza ubu, AI irimo gukoreshwa cyane niterambere ryihuse.Byakoreshejwe mubice bitandukanye, harimo ubuvuzi, imari, ubwikorezi, uburezi, nibindi byinshi.Iterambere rihoraho ryikoranabuhanga rya AI, kunoza algorithms, kongera imbaraga zo kubara, no kunonosora imibare yongereye kwagura ibikorwa n'imikorere ya AI.AI yabaye umufasha wubwenge mubuzima bwabantu no mubikorwa.
Kurugero, mugutwara ibinyabiziga byigenga, AI ituma ibinyabiziga byigenga byigenga kandi bigasubiza imiterere yumuhanda, ibimenyetso byumuhanda, nizindi modoka binyuze mubitekerezo, gufata ibyemezo, no kugenzura, kugera kubintu bitwara neza kandi bidafite abashoferi.Mu rwego rwo gusuzuma no gufasha ubuvuzi, AI irashobora gusesengura amakuru menshi y’ubuvuzi, ifasha abaganga mu gusuzuma indwara no gufata ibyemezo byo kuvura.Hamwe no kwiga imashini no kwiga byimbitse, AI irashobora kumenya ibibyimba, gusesengura amashusho yubuvuzi, ubufasha mubushakashatsi bwa farumasi, nibindi, bityo bikazamura imikorere yubuvuzi nukuri.
AI isanga kandi ikoreshwa ryinshi mugucunga ingaruka zamafaranga no gufata ibyemezo byishoramari.Irashobora gusesengura amakuru yimari, kumenya ibikorwa byuburiganya, gusuzuma ingaruka, no gufasha mu gufata ibyemezo byishoramari.Hamwe nubushobozi bwo gutunganya amakuru manini byihuse, AI irashobora kuvumbura imiterere n'ibigezweho, itanga serivisi zimari yubwenge nibyifuzo.
Byongeye kandi, AI irashobora gukoreshwa mugutezimbere inganda no kubungabunga ibiteganijwe.Irashobora guhindura uburyo no gufata neza ibikoresho mubikorwa byinganda.Mugusesengura amakuru ya sensor hamwe namateka yamateka, AI irashobora guhanura kunanirwa kwibikoresho, guhindura gahunda yumusaruro, no kunoza imikorere nibikorwa byizewe.
Sisitemu yo gutanga ibitekerezo byubwenge nurundi rugero.AI irashobora gutanga ibyifuzo n'ibitekerezo byihariye ukurikije inyungu z'abakoresha nibyo bakunda.Ibi byakoreshejwe cyane mubucuruzi bwa e-ubucuruzi, umuziki na videwo, bifasha abakoresha kuvumbura ibicuruzwa nibirimo bijyanye nibyo bakeneye.
Kuva kuri robotic vacuum isuku kugeza mubuhanga bwo kumenyekanisha mumaso, kuva muri "Deep Blue" ya IBM yatsinze nyampinga wisi wa chess kugeza kuri ChatGPT iheruka kumenyekana, ikoresha uburyo bwo gutunganya ururimi karemano hamwe nubuhanga bwo kwiga imashini kugirango isubize ibibazo, itange amakuru, kandi ikore imirimo, AI yinjiye muri rubanda.Izi porogaramu zifatika nigice gito gusa cya AI ihari mubice bitandukanye.Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere, turashobora kwitega uburyo bushya bwa AI bukoreshwa muburyo bushya buzahindura inganda nibikorwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-17-2023